Verilog代写 | CMPEN 331 – Computer Organization and Design

这个作业是用Verilog设计一个电路板
CMPEN 331 – Computer Organization and Design

In the project, you just need to implement what was described in the honor option section in lab 5, with the addition of the
implementation and generation of the bit stream without errors.
1. Write a report that contains the following:
i. Your Verilog design code. Use:
i. Device: Zyboboard (XC7Z010- -1CLG400C)
ii. Your Verilog® Test Bench design code. Add “`timescale 1ns/1ps” as the first line of your test bench file.
iii. The waveforms resulting as requested from item 9 above.
iv. The design schematics from the Xilinx synthesis of your design. Do not use any area constraints.
v. Snapshot of the I/O Planning and
vi. Snapshot of the floor planning
vii. The design should be free from errors when synthesized, implemented and generated of the bitstream.
The report format will be as follows:
2. REPORT FORMAT: Free form, but it must be:
a. One report per student.
b. Have a cover sheet with identification: Title, Class, Your Name, etc.
c. You have to write an abstract at the beginning of the project report to describe what you are doing in the
project.
d. You should include an introduction for the project explaining with diagrams the connection between all
the stages and what would be the benefit of using that architecture in the computer organization field.
e. Use Microsoft word and your report should be uploaded in word format not PDF. If you know LaTex,
you should upload the Tex file in addition to the PDF file.
f. Single spaced
The following part is not mandatory but any student will choose to do this part in addition to the previous
part, will take 5 points extra to the total grade of the course:
In this extra points project, the students are implementing a pipeline CPU using the Xilinx design package for FPGAs. You
can use any information available in previous labs if needed.
3. Pipelining
As described in lab 3
4. Circuits of the Instruction Fetch Stage
As described in lab 3
5. Circuits of the Instruction Decode Stage
As described in lab 3
6. Circuits of the Execution Stage
As described in lab 4
7. Circuits of the Memory Access Stage
As described in lab 4
8. Circuits of the Write Back Stage
As described in lab 5
9. Control Hazards and Delayed Branch
The control hazard occurs when a pipelined CPU executes a branch or jump instruction. The jump target address a
jump instruction (jr, j, or jal) can be determined in the ID stage and it will be written into PC at the end of the ID
stage. But because the pipelined CPU fetches instruction during every clock cycle, the next instruction is being
fetched during the ID stage of the jump instruction. The control hazard caused by a conditional branch instruction
(beq or bne) becomes more serious than that of a jump instruction because the condition must be evaluated in
addition to the calculation of the branch of the target address. Figure 1 shows an example when we calculate the
branch target address in the EXE or the ID stage respectively. There are mainly two methods to deal with the
instruction(s) next to branch or jump instruction. One method is to cancel it (them). The other is to let it (them) be
executed. The second method is called a delayed branch. The position in between the location of a jump or branch
instruction and the jump or branch target address are called delay slots. MIPS (microprocessor without
interlocked pipeline stages) ISA (instruction set architecture) adopts a one delay slot mechanism: the instruction
located in delay slot is always executed no matter wither the branch is taken or not as shown in figure 2. In figure
2 (a) shows the case where the branch is not taken. Figure 2 (b) shows the case where the branch is taken; t is the
branch target address. In both cases, the instruction located in a+4 (delay slot) is always executed no matter
whether the branch is taken or not. In order to implement the delayed branch with one delay slot, we must let the
conditional branch instructions finish the executions in the ID stage. There should be no problem for calculating
the branch target address within the ID stage. For checking the condition, we can perform an exclusive OR (XOR)
on the two source operands:
rsrtequ = ~
| (da^db); // (da == db)
where the rsrtequ signal indicates where da or db are equal or not. Both da and db should be the state of
the art data. Referring to figures 3 and 4, we use the outputs of the multiplexers for internal forwarding as da and
db. This is the reason why we put the forwarding to the ID stage instead of to the EXE stage. Because the
delayed branch, the return address of the MIPS jal instruction is PC+8. Figure 5 illustrates the execution of the
jal instruction. The instruction located in delay slot (PC + 4) was already executed before transferring control to
a function (or a subroutine). The return address should be PC+8, which is written into $31 register in the WB
stage by the jal instruction. The return form subroutine can be done by the instruction of jr $31. The jr rs
instruction reads the content of register rs and writes it into the PC.